Vocabulary Development: Justice

Back to: ENGLISH LANGUAGE SS3

 

Welcome to class! 

In today’s class, we will be talking about vocabulary development: justice, etc. Enjoy the class!

Comprehension: Law and Order

The passage is adapted from the Daily Sketch. It is a report of a court case. The case involved five people including three women and a fifth form student of a Grammar School in Oyo. They were accused of breaking into the shop of Sule Ajibade and Bosede Shittu and stealing various articles. After the hearing, the case was adjourned till 12 March for hearing.

Evaluation

Questions, Page 79.

Vocabulary Development: Administration of Justice

Words associated with law and order include lawyer, legal, court, defence, convicted, sentenced, remanded, appeal, enforcement, charges, criminal, discharge, remand, etc.

Evaluation

Vocabulary, Page 77.

Modal Auxiliaries

There are thirteen modal auxiliaries. They are can, could, may, might, shall, should, will, would, must, ought to, used to, need and dare.

Uses

• can/could: To express permission, possibility, ability or capacity.

E.g.

1. Jane can go if she likes. (permission)
2. That river can be bridged. (possibility)
3. John could run fast when he was young.(ability)

• may/might: To express permission or possibility.

E.g.

1. Obi may come with us if he likes. (permission)
2. It might rain this afternoon. (possibility)

• shall/will: To express simple futurity, determination, order or willingness to do something.

E.g.

1. We shall attend the party. (futurity)
2. I will attend the ceremony. (determination)

• should: To express obligation and logical necessity, condition.

E.g.

1. He should attend the interview if he wants the job. (obligation)
2. If the boy should come, please inform me. (condition)

• would: To express habitual action in the past, a request politely, a probability.

E.g.

1. Every Sunday, we would attend the morning service in the church.(habitual action in the past)
2. I would like to come with you. (request)

• must: To express obligation in the present and future, a logical necessity.

E.g.

1. You must obey your elders. (obligation)
2. There must be a mistake in that calculation. (logical necessity)

• ought to: To express obligation/the equivalent of should and to express a logical necessity or an expectation.

E.g.

1. Every student ought to study hard. (obligation)
2. You ought to have finished the work by now. (expectation)

• used to: To express habitual action in the past

E.g.

1. We used to fly kites when we were young.

• need (in a negative sentence): to express the absence of obligation.

E.g.

1. You need to leave now.

• dare: as an auxiliary verb, and especially in negative sentences and questions.

E.g.

1. Nobody dare insult our leader
2. You dare not eat that food.

Evaluation

Construct one sentence each to illustrate the uses of the verbs shall, must, could, might, need.

Report Writing

A report is any kind of account given of any event that has taken place.

The approach to the writing of a report depends on the audience or readers for whom it is meant and on whether there is a standard format for it.

The report becomes formal when it is presented as a formal document giving details of an event. A formal report can be that of a robbery, an accident, the proceedings of a meeting, a work-camp or a petition.

Sample of a formal report

 

1. S. 3A

14^th June, 2010.

 

The Principal

Queen of Apostles’ Secondary School,

Zaria.

 

Sir,

 

Report of the Robbery in Amina Hostel.

 

(Text of the Report)

 

Jumai Mohammed

Prefect (Amina Hostel).

 

Evaluation

As the president of your club, write out a plan on your annual address which should be a review of the past year, emphasizing the objectives of the club.

General evaluation

Comprehension

The Victims

1. List the hardship in the woman’s life, including the one that has caused her to visit the soothsayer from the play extract.
2. List the reasons given by the soothsayer for not making payment easier for the woman.

Structure

Say whether ‘as’ expresses time, reason or contrast in each of these sentences.

3. I didn’t stay long as I was in a hurry.
4. Tired as we were, we continued working.
5. As I was reading the book, an insect fell onto the page.

 

In our next class, we will be talking about Speech Work: Stress in Words of Seven Syllables and in Compound Words.  We hope you enjoyed the class.

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