Human Skeletal System

HUMAN SKELETAL SYSTEM

INTRODUCTION

In this section, we will learn and be able to define the following:

 

  • Definition of joints and muscles
  • Basic functions of the human joints and muscles
  • Types of muscle and joints.

 

DEFINITION OF THE HUMAN JOINT AND MUSCLE.

The joints

 

The human joints can be defined as where the ends of two bones come together to fuse. The joints hold them together and allow for the movement of your skeleton. Most of our joints contain fluids that help them move in the direction they are needed.

 

The Muscles

 

The human muscle has more than 600 muscles in your body? They perform the following task:

  • pumping blood throughout your body.
  • Help you lift your heavy school bags.

You can control some of your muscles, while others like your heart, do their jobs without you thinking about them at all.

 

TYPES OF MUSCLES

 

In the human body because there are so many skeletal muscles, we can’t list them all here. But we are going to talk about a few of the major ones:

 

  1. The muscle found in the shoulder area. This muscle helps you move or swing your arms in any way you want.
  2. The Muscles found on each side of your upper chest. This commonly develops in boys when they get to puberty.
  3. The Muscles found under your chest/rib cage. They are often called abs for short.
  4. The Muscles found on your arms. They are seen when you fold your fist upwards and are called biceps.
  5. The Muscles that help you when sitting down. It allows us to sit comfortably without falling off our chair. They are found on our buttocks.

TYPES OF JOINTS

There are several types of joint found all over the body but we are going to be talking about the most common few. The following are joints found in the human skeletal system. There are six types of freely movable joints:

  • Ball and socket joint. This allows movement in all directions, the ball and socket joint is a rounded head of one bone sitting in the cup of another bone. Examples include your shoulder joint and your hip joint.
  • Hinge joint. The hinge joint is like a door, it opens and closes in one direction, Examples include your elbow joint and your knee joint.
  • Condyloid joint. The condyloid joint allows movement, but no rotation. Examples include your finger joints and your jaw.
  • Pivot joint. The pivot joint can also be called the rotary joint. Examples are the joints between your ulna and radius bones found in your forearm, and the joint between the first and second bone in your neck.
  • Gliding joint. The gliding joint can also be called the plane join. This joint can only move in one direction, up and down. An example is the joint in your wrist.
  • Saddle joint. The saddle joint does not allow round movement but it does move back and forth and side to side. An example is the joint found at the base of your thumb.

 

BASIC FUNCTION OF THE HUMAN MUSCLE AND JOINTS

The human joints and muscles provide the following for the human body;

  1.  Form,
  2. Support,
  3. Stability and,
  4. Movement to the body.

 

EVALUATION

  1. Recall how many bones we can find in the human body.
  2. Draw and color your palm.

 

SUMMARY

  • We can define a joint simply as a point where 2 bones connect.
  • We can also suggest it is a point where bones connect for the purpose of moving body parts.
  • All the muscle and joints of the body helps the body to stay in shape and perform different tasks.

 

ASSIGNMENT

Explain what you understand by the following functions of the joints and muscles

  1. Stability
  2. Movement
  3. Form
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