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UMAR BN KHATTAH
His early life
Umar bnalkhattah was born in 553. He was a famous wrestler and orator. He was among the few people in mallah who know who knew reading and writing during the jallkiliyyah period. Umar, was one of the strong enemies of Islam be core he accepted Islam theon day he planned to kill the prophet on accepting he declared openly. He was fired by the pegansinmaturah, because of his courage, holdress and open support for Islam prophet Muhammad (S.A.W) gave him the little “alfaraq” meaning the wrong (baatil) he announced his migration to madina openly and loudly. Before he became the second caliph he participated in almost all the battles, including bads, uhud, ahzah, khandaq and hunyn. Umar was the first person to pledge loyality (basist) the hands Abu-Bakr and then helped him in his administration.
HIS APPOINTMENT OF THE SECOND CALIPH
Before the demise of the first caliph,Abu-Bakr consulted the surah (council of adviser) on the appointment of the next caliph after him. He therefore sent for abdulrahanonawur, talhabnubaydullah and other leaders among the muhjujirum and the ansars, he consulted them as to succession when he found that the majority of the companions faouredumar, he was worried about the hot temper of Umar and ordered ulhman to write out an ordinance appointed Umar to succeed the caliphate without any opposition and umarbn al-khallah was elected as the second caliph in august 634AP.
ACTIVITIES OF UMAR BN KHATTAB AS THE SECOND CALIPH
Umar was a great scholar. He was among the companions that recorded the only Qur’an on leaves, palms, animal’s skin, flat stone etc. he was interested in poetry and sometimes composed verses in practical form. Umar bn qi-khattab was great durist and theologian of Islam. He never allowed any person to quote any attestation or support of it. He engaged in preaching Islam (dawah). He was very shit in ensuring that no Muslim forced any non-Muslim to accept Islam.
ACHIEVEMENT OF UMAR BN ALKHATTAL AS KHALIFAH
1. Umar established baital-mal, the public treasury for proper accountability and transparency of the public fund
2. He introduced coins beeping the inscription of kalmatulshahadah
3. He introduce the hijrah calendar beginning from the data of the prophet migration from to madinah in 622AD
4. He established the diwani.e the department of finance on the pattern of the parsianintstitution. The diwan administered revenue matters and looked in the incomes and expenditures of the empires
5. He involved efficient administration of justice byapproachinguadi(judge) for every province.
UTHMAN BN AFFAN
(573-656AD)
His early live
Uthmanbnaffan was born in 573. He came from the umayyah family of qurashi like bnalkihattab. Uthman was one of the few literate person in makkah when he grew up he started business in cloth which made him very rich. Uthman was a soft natured and kind hearted man, uthman was among those that migrated with other Muslim to madinah. After the death of his wife, ruqqyyah, the prophet’s daughter, the prophet marry the next daughter ummukulthum with uthman and was given the title of dhun- nuraini.e the man with two lights or the possessor of two light.
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