Revision/ Data and Information

Back to: DATA PROCESSING SS 1

 

Welcome to class! 

In today’s class, we will be talking about data and information. Enjoy the class!

Data and Information

Data is raw, unorganized or unprocessed facts that need to be processed. It can be something simple and seemingly random and useless until it is organized.

Types of data

• Qualitative data:

It is descriptive information (it describes something). Qualitative data is non-statistical and is typically unstructured or semi-structured. This data isn’t necessarily measured using hard numbers used to develop graphs and charts. Instead, it is categorized based on properties, attributes, labels, and other identifiers.

Qualitative data can be used to ask the question “why.” It is investigative and is often open-ended until further research is conducted. Generating this data from qualitative research is used for theorizations, interpretations, developing hypotheses, and initial understandings.

Qualitative data can be generated through:

1. Texts and documents
2. Audio and video recordings
3. Images and symbols
4. Interview transcripts and focus groups
5. Observations and notes

• Quantitative data:

It is numerical information. Quantitative data is statistical and is typically structured in nature – meaning it is more rigid and defined. This type of data is measured using numbers and values, which makes it a more suitable candidate for data analysis.

Whereas qualitative is open for exploration, quantitative data is much more concise and close-ended. It can be used to ask the questions “how much” or “how many,” followed by conclusive information.

Quantitative data can be generated through:

1. Tests
2. Experiments
3. Surveys
4. Market reports
5. Metrics

Classification of quantitative data

• Continuous data
• Discrete data

Examples of data

1. Numbers
2. Name of thing, place or animal
3. Words
4. Measurements Descriptions of things

Sources of data

1. Television
2. Internet
3. Articles
4. Government documents
5. Newspapers and Magazines
6. Textbooks

Self-evaluation:

1. Define data.
2. Mention the two types of data

Information

Information can be defined as a processed data that is meaningful to the user. It can be used in the decision-making process.

Examples of information

1. Student ID card
2. Weather report
3. Student’s Report card
4. National passport

Sources of information

1. Internet
2. Database
3. Magazine/Newspaper
4. Document
5. Census Board

Ways of handling data

1. Electronic Methods
2. Non – Electronic Methods

General self-evaluation

1. Define information
2. Differentiate in tabular form, between data and information
3. Give four examples of data.
4. State any five sources of information.

Reading assignment

HIIT @ Schools,  data Processing for Senior Secondary Education, Pgs 8 – 9.

Weekend assignment

1. Unprocessed fact is called ……. A.   Data   B.  Processing   C.   Information   D.   All of the above
2. There are ……… types of data.  A.   3   B.   6    C.     2    D.    8
3. One of these is not an example of data.  A.   Words   B.   Numbers   C.    Weather report.  D.   Observations
4. We have ………. ways of handling data.  A.   3  B.   5   C.    2   D.    4
5. Sources of information are these except. A.   Internet   B.  Database  C.   Census board  D.   Textbooks

Theory

1. Explain the two ways of handling data.
2. List five examples each of Data and information

 

In our next class, we will be talking about the Art of Information Processing.  We hope you enjoyed the class.

Should you have any further question, feel free to ask in the comment section below and trust us to respond as soon as possible.

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