Reproduction in Farm Animals II

 

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In today’s class, we will be talking more about reproduction in farm animals. Enjoy the class!

Reproduction in Farm Animals II

Reproduction in Farm Animals classnotes.ng

CONTENT:   

  • Processes of egg formation in poultry
  • Male and female reproductive hormones

Processes of egg formation in poultry

The egg in poultry is partly formed in the ovary and the oviduct. At ovulation, the ovum carrying the yolk is released by the ovary into the oviduct through the funnel called the infundibulum. Fertilization takes place in the infundibulum where the egg spends 15 minutes and moves into the magnum. In the magnum, part of the egg white (albumen) and the chalaza are secreted around the yolk. The egg stays for 3 hours in the magnum and moves into the isthmus where the two shell membranes are formed. The egg stays for 1 hour 15 minutes in the isthmus and moves into the uterus where it remains for 18 – 21 hours and the eggshell is formed from calcium carbonate. Mineral solutions are also added to the egg before it moves into the vagina where it remains for 1 – 15 minutes before it is laid through the cloaca. A complete formation of eggs takes almost 26 hours.

REPRODCTIVE SYSTEM OF POULTRY BIRDS

Evaluation

  1. Describe the processes of egg formation in poultry.
  2. Describe the reproductive system of poultry birds.
  • Male and female reproductive hormones:

Hormones are organic chemical substances produced by endocrine (ductless) glands which influence growth, development and metabolic activities in farm animals. These include

HORMONE SEX SITE OF SECRETION FUNCTIONS
Testosterone/ Androgen Male Testes It stimulates the development of secondary sexual characters in male.

It stimulates sperm production through spermatogenesis.

Oestrogen Female Ovary It stimulates the development of secondary sexual characteristics in female animals

It promotes the production of ova or eggs through oogenesis.

It stimulates mammary gland development

Progesterone Female Corpus luteum It ensures uterus development and implantation of the fertilized ovum.

It inhibits oestrus i. e. prevents ovulation.

It stimulates the development of the mammary gland

It ensures the continuance of pregnancy.

Oxytocin Female Pituitary It aids the contraction of the uterine wall during parturition.

It promotes milk let-down after parturition.

It aids sperm transportation in the vagina.

Relaxin Female Pituitary It aids relaxation of pelvic ligaments during parturition.
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

Female Pituitary It stimulates the growth of the ovarian follicle.

 

Luteinizing hormone Female Pituitary It stimulates the secretion of oestrogen and progesterone.

It causes the rupture of the follicle and the release of the ova from the follicle.

General evaluation
  1. List five animal hormones and function.
  2. What are the functions of the following in the processes of egg formation in poultry?
  3. Ovary
  4. Oviduct
  5. Magnum
  6. uterus

Reading assignment

  • Essential Agricultural Science for Senior Secondary Schools by O.A. Iwena chapter 30 page 288 – 290.
  • Answer the following questions from WAEC PAQ 2015 theory question 4a

Theory

  1. Draw and label the diagram of an egg.
  2. List five reproductive hormones, site of secretion and their functions.

 

In our next class, we will be talking about Environmental Physiology.  We hope you enjoyed the class.

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