REQUIREMENT FOR LIVESTOCK MANAGEMENT

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Farm animals require a lot of things in their production. These include housing, food and care

Housing needs of farm animals

There are many kinds of farm animals. The most common ones are sheep, goat, pig, cattle and poultry. Each of these has a different housing requirement or need. Example, Sheep and goats require cheap houses or shelters which are called pens.  The roofs may be covered with iron sheets or grass. Poultry on the other hand are raised mainly under the intensive system. There are two types of housing used for intensive poultry farming: the deep litter system and battery cage system.The battery cage system is commonly used for raising egg-producing birds (layers

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GOAT PEN                                                               BATTERY CAGE

 

Food need of farm animals

Ruminant animals feed on grasses in the pastures. Some common grasses are the giant star grass and elephant grass. Animals are usually left to graze the pastures when they are freshly young and succulent. These animals feed on foodstuffs like yam peels, cassava peels, plantain peels, some vegetable materials and concentrates. Water is provided in water troughs for drinking and wallowing (by pigs).

Care of farm animals

Farm animals require good care and health for growth, and this can be provided through the following practices:  cleaning the animals’ environment, animal inspection and food hygiene.

Cleaning animals’ environment: The environment where animals live should be kept clean always. Bushy areas should be cleared, pens should be swept. animal waste should be removed, and feeding materials should be cleaned.

Animal inspection: Animals should be checked and inspected everyday for good health. Sick animals should be removed and taken to veterinary doctors for treatment. Animals should also be inoculated routinely to prevent them from falling sick.

Food hygiene: Animals should be given clean and fresh food daily. Leftovers or stale food, such as peelings and concentrates, should be removed.

Security of farm animals

Animals should be kept safe in their pens or cages through the provision of adequate fencing and gates. Guards or security men should be available to protect the animals.

EVALUATION

  1. Mention the primary requirement for the management of livestock.

ASSIGNMENT

Explain three areas of providing care for the total growth and well being farm animals.

READING ASSIGNMENT

  • Basic Agriculture for Primary Schools (UBE Edition) by E. J. Usua S. O. Olaitan C. O. Uzuegbunam. Theme 2, Unit 2, Pg 23 – 28
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