Back to: Social Studies Primary 6
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Employment can be defined as the state of having a job that pays you income. It is the work done to earn a living.
UNEMPLOYMENT
Unemployment is a state whereby an adult has no job doing and he gets no income at the end of the day or month. It is not having something to do to ern a living. Unemployment is a very serious problem in Nigeria. This is because people who are ready to work are without job and therefore, cannot earn income to meet their expenses. They have a lot of idle time and these may lead them to get involved in negative activities.
Causes of Unemployment
The following are the causes of unemployment in the society. They are:
- Economic recession
- Lack of information on where to get a job
- Over population
- Economic instability
- Low investment
- Lack of necessary skills required by the employer
Causes of Under-employment
The following are the causes of under-employment in the society. They are:
- Lack of appropriate facilities
- Lack of adequate training
- In-conducive environment
- Poor management of resources
Effects of Under-employment
The following are the effects of under-employment in the society. They are:
- Low production
- Poor standard of living
- Criminal tendencies
- Unhappiness
Effects/Problems of Unemployment
- Poverty: A person who is unemployed is unlikely to have a reliable source of income. They become dependent on others who may not also have enough to cater for themselves. This results to them being poor for life most especially if they have a family to cater for. Consequently, this can lead them to being sick. Poverty fuels disease and disease fuels poverty.
- Bad social habit such as Crime: A person who is jobless is likely to get him/herself involved in negative activities because they do not have the means to meet up their basic needs. Therefore, they resort to stealing.
- Begging: Due to inability of a person to take care of his/her needs, the individual can start moving from place to place (privately or publicly), asking others for alms so as to survive.
- Low morale: A person who has been jobless for a long time begins to lose their self-esteem and they begin to doubt in their abilities. This can discourage them to stop the search for a job.
- It leads to wastage of money and efforts spent on training and education.
- Armed robbery
- Human trafficking
- Underdevelopment
- Stealing by trick eg 419
Solutions to Unemployment
There are a number of steps which individuals, social organizations and the government can take to reduce unemployment in a country. Some of these steps are:
- Skills Enhancement: Some organizations are looking for candidates that are computer literate. It is the duty of the government to ensure that training on such skills is made available and affordable so we can have less jobless citizens in the country.
- Entrepreneurship: An entrepreneur is one who sets up and runs his or her own business. In Nigeria today, we have a lot of entrepreneurs. To also solve the problem of unemployment, the government and some other social organizations should organize self-acquisition free trainings for these individuals so they can become self-employed.
- Micro-credit: This is when banks and other institution come together to give unemployed citizens loans to start up their own business or to grow their business.
- Encourage Agriculture: If the government encouraged agriculture by making it profitable, we will have more people getting involved in agriculture and that will make them become self-employed.
- Construction of new factories and industries where people can get jobs.
- Sanction person(s) that cover employment opportunities.
- Provision of electricity in rural areas.
- Openness to others.
Attitude towards HIV/AIDS Infected Workers
Nigeria needs a healthy workforce. The healthier, more educated and motivated Nigerians workers are the more productive they will be.
Consequences of People’s Negative Attitude Towards HIV/AIDS Infected Workers
- Avoidance of workers
- Discrimination and stigmatization by co-workers.
- Total rejection
- Ostracisation in the work place
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