Living and Non Living Things IV

Back to: BASIC SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY JSS 1

 

Welcome to class! 

In today’s class, we will be talking about the classification of non-living things. Enjoy the class!

Classification of non-living things.

Non-living things are classified or grouped into metal and nonmetals depending on their properties.

• Metals:

Metals are generally solid except for mercury, which exists in a liquid state. A metal is a material that, when freshly prepared, polished, or fractured, shows a lustrous appearance, and conducts electricity and heat relatively well. Metals are typically malleable or ductile. Examples of metals include copper, iron rods, aluminium, empty can, gold, silver, lead, zinc, etc.

Properties of metals

The following are the properties of metals;

1. It has a high melting point.
2. It has a high boiling point.
3. Lustrous (shiny)
4. Mostly found in solid.
5. Malleable, which means they can be hammered into shapes.
6. Ductile, which means they can be drawn into wire.
7. Good conductor of electricity.

Uses of metal

1. Shiny material such as silver, copper, and gold is used for jewellery, decorative art, coins, etc.
2. Metals such as iron are used to build ship, trucks, cars, train.
3. Aluminium steel is use utensils.
4. Mercury is used in thermometer to check the temperature.
5. Aluminium is used as insulator wire.
6. Silver foil is used in sweet.

• Non-metals:

Non-metals are natural materials that do not produce heat or electricity and are structurally brittle which means they cannot be easily rolled or mould. They lack metallic attribute, they are good insulator of heat and electricity, they are mostly gases and some are liquid, some can be solid at room temperature. Examples of non-metals include sulfur, carbon, phosphorus, hydrogen, oxygen, silicon, iodine, bromine, chlorine, etc.

Properties of non-metals

These are some of the properties of non-metals;

1. They are not lustrous, which means they do not have a shiny appearance.
2. They are poor conductor of heat and electricity.
3. They are solid, liquid, gas at room temperature.
4. They are non-ductile, which means they cannot be stretched into a wire.
5. They are not malleable which, means they cannot be drawn into a sheet.

Uses of non-metals

1. Carbon can be used to make pencils when it is in graphite forms.
2. Sulphuric acid is prepared using Sulphur.
3. For purification of water, chlorine is used.
4. Hydrogen is used for rocket fuel.

 

In our next class, we will be talking about Human Development.  We hope you enjoyed the class.

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