CIVIC EDUCATION JSS3

In science, coercion refers to the practice of forcing or manipulating individuals to participate in research or experiments against their will or without their informed consent. This can include:

1. Physical coercion: Using physical force or restraint to make someone participate.
2. Psychological coercion: Using threats, intimidation, or manipulation to influence someone’s decision.
3. Environmental coercion: Creating an environment where participation is implicitly required, such as in a workplace or educational setting.

Coercion in science is unethical and can lead to invalid results, as participants may not provide genuine responses or may be subject to undue stress. Informed consent, voluntary participation, and respect for autonomy are essential principles in scientific research to avoid coercion and ensure the well-being of participants.