Climate

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Welcome to class! 

In today’s class, we will be talking about climate. Enjoy the class!

Climate

Climate is the average weather condition of the atmosphere over a long period of time usually about 30-35years.

FACTORS THAT CAN AFFECT OR DETERMINE CLIMATE

1. Latitude
2. Cloud cover
3. Altitude
4. Vegetation
5. Distance from the sea
6. Planetary wind
7. Ocean currents

ELEMENTS OF CLIMATE

1. Temperature
2. Rainfall
3. Wind
4. Relative humidity
5. Pressure
6. Cloud cover
7. Sunshine

TYPES OF CLIMATE

• HOT CLIMATE:

(a) Equatorial Climate

Location: This is located within 5⁰ North and South of the equator.

Areas: Amazon Basin of South America, Zaire Basin of Central Africa, The Coast of West Africa.

(b) Tropical Continental (Sudan) Climate

Location: It is located between 5⁰-20⁰ North and South of the equator

Areas: Central America, North-Western part of South America, Interior upland of Brazil and Bolivia, West Africa, part of East Africa, parts of India and South East Asia, Northern Australia.

• COLD CLIMATE:

(a) Polar Climate

Location: It is found around 90⁰ North and South of the Equator, especially around the poles.

Areas: Greenland, Iceland and Antarctica.

(b) Tundra Climate

Location: It is located around 60⁰-90⁰ North and South of the equator especially around the Arctic and Antarctic circles.

Areas: Coastal strip of Greenland, Northern Canada and Alaska, parts of Eurasia and Antarctica.

• DESERT CLIMATE:

(a) Hot Desert Climate

Location: Within latitude 15⁰ and 30⁰North and South of the equator.

Areas: Sahara desert, Arabian desert, Iranian desert, Thar desert, Namib desert, Kalahari desert, Great Australian desert and Atacama desert.

(b) Cold Desert Climate

Location: Within 45⁰-60⁰ North and South of the equator.

Areas: Eurasia, North America and South America.

Other types of climate are:

• WARM TEMPERATE CLIMATE WESTERN MARGIN (MEDITERRANEAN TYPE):

Location: 30⁰-45⁰ North and south of the equator.

Areas: North Africa, South West of South Africa, Central Chile, California, Southern Australia, France, Spain and Italy.

• WARM TEMPERATE CLIMATE EASTERN MARGIN (CHINA TYPE):

Location: 20⁰-40⁰ North and south of the equator.

Areas: China, U.S.A, Mexico, Natal in South Africa and Australia.

• COOL TEMPERATE CLIMATE WESTERN MARGIN (BRITISH TYPE):

Location: 45⁰-60⁰ North and south of the equator.

Areas: Britain, France, Belgium, Netherland, Denmark, Norway and British Columbia.

• COOL TEMPERATE CLIMATE EASTERN MARGIN (LAURENTIAN TYPE):

Location: 40⁰ and 50⁰ North of the equator.

Areas: North Eastern part of North America, North East Canada and Northern Asia.

GENERAL EVALUATION

1. What is weather and climate?
2. Explain the importance of weather and climate.
3. Mention the instrument used for measuring rainfall.
4. Explain the equatorial climate.
5. Mention the areas that experience the Mediterranean climate.

 

In our next class, we will be talking about Classification of Climate.  We hope you enjoyed the class.

Should you have any further question, feel free to ask in the comment section below and trust us to respond as soon as possible.

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