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In today’s Basic Science class, We will be discussing Human Development II. We hope you enjoy the class!
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT II
Certain factors which are necessary for human growth and development shall be considered in this lesson.
FACTORS NECESSARY FOR GROWTH
Food is an important factor for growth, but apart from food, there are other factors that are essential for growth, such as heredity factors, health care, rest and exercise, love and care and glandular functions.
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NUTRITION:
Nutrition is an act of feeding. There is a popular saying that you are what you eat. We have six main classes of food namely carbohydrates, protein, fats and oils, vitamins, mineral salts and water. Each class of food has a specific role and function in the body. Therefore, for normal and healthy growth, one must eat a balanced meal or diet.
A balanced diet is a meal that contains all six classes of food in the right proportions. We must always eat a balanced diet for healthy growth and development. Eating an imbalanced diet might lead to malnutrition or poor nutrition and it can cause diseases like ricket, kwashiorkor, beriberi, scurvy, night blindness, anaemia etc. a malnourished person cannot grow well.
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HEREDITY FACTOR:
Heredity is the transfer of characters from parents to offspring. The characters are always carried by genes from the parents to offspring during fertilization at the process of reproduction. Genes are the basic unit of heredity. Due to heredity factor, children are likely to look like the parents in weights, behaviour, complexion and even growth patterns.
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REST:
We need to rest for growth. Resting after work and exercise makes the body to recover from stress and tiredness, so as to grow well. Rest helps the muscles of the body to relax.
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EXERCISE:
Exercise is the process of carrying out some activities that will involve the use of our muscles. We need exercise for growth. It helps the muscles to grow strong, thick and healthy.
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HEALTH CARE:
Health care helps to prevent and cure diseases and infections so that a person can grow strong and healthier. A healthy person will always grow healthier and stronger than a sickly person.
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LOVE AND CARE:
Love and care when given or shown to a person or a child helps in emotional development and makes one happy.
Some hormones are associated with the psychological state of an individual. A happy child will grow faster and healthier than a sorrowful or sad person.
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GLANDULAR FUNCTION:
Hormones are chemical substances secreted by ductless glands found in the endocrine system. Two major glands affect growth: the thyroid gland and the pituitary gland. The thyroid gland secretes thyroxine. Under secretion of thyroxine leads to a growth abnormality called cretinism while over secretion causes goitre.
The pituitary gland secretes pituitary hormones which when under secreted might lead to dwarfism, and when over secreted can lead to gigantism. All hormones secreted must be in regular proportions to enable healthy growth.
We have come to the end of this class. We do hope you enjoyed the class?
Should you have any further question, feel free to ask in the comment section below and trust us to respond as soon as possible.
In our next class, we will be talking about Body Image. We are very much eager to meet you there.
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