Structure (Review of verbs and Adverbs)

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In today’s English Language class, We will be learning about Verbs and Adverbs. We hope you enjoy the class!

 

 

Review of Verbs and Adverbs

A verb is an action word. It tells us what the subject of a sentence does. There are two types of verbs: transitive and intransitive verbs.

Transitive Verbs

These are verbs that have/take objects.

Example: One man does the work.

I broke my leg.

She slapped the boy.

The tailor made a beautiful dress.

 

 

Intransitive Verbs

These are verbs that don’t take/have objects

Examples: A cock crows.

I slept very well yesterday.

The baby cries every day.

However, some verbs can be used either as transitive verbs (that is, with objects) and as intransitive verbs (that is, without objects) e.g.;

 

ate

1. He ate rice (rice is the object)
2. He ate (no object)

 

fight

1. I can fight him (Him is the object)
2. I can fight (no object)

 

sing

1. Bimpe sings a song every day (song is the object)
2. Bimpe sings every day (no object)

 

Verb Tenses

Tenses show the time actions take place in sentences. As the subject of a sentence does, the time an action takes place determines the form of the verb in a sentence.

Note how the verb in each of the following sentences changes its form according to the time the action takes place.

Now                                                   Everyday                  Yesterday                 Already

 

Present Progressive Tense	Present Tense	Past Tense	Present Perfect
I am playing	I play	I played	I have played
You are working	You work	You worked	You have worked
He is writing	He writes	He wrote	He has written
She is doing it	She does it	She did it	She has done it
We are going there	We go there	We went there	We have gone there
They are dancing	They dance	They danced	They have danced

 

However, some verbs don’t change their forms in the present, the past and the perfect tenses, e.g.

 

Present Tense	Past Tense	Perfect Tense
Broadcast	broadcast	broadcast
Shut	shut	shut
Spread	spread	spread
Burst	burst	burst
Cast	cast	cast
Sweat	sweat	sweat
Cost	cost	cost
Set	set	set

 

Evaluation:  List five verbs, use them in sentences and state whether the verbs are transitive or intransitive.

Change to simple present:

1. Tolu bought a book
2. We ate beans last night
3. The children did the work
4. I have learnt driving
5. You are beating your brother

 

 

Adverbs

 

 

An adverb is a word that modifies a verb, an adjective or another adverb in the same sentence.

Examples of adverbs are: quickly, slowly, loudly, boldly, beautifully, secretly, today, tonight, tomorrow, how, very, too, so, etc.

Types of Adverbs

1. Adverb of Manner
   • • He ran quickly
     • She walked slowly
2. Adverb of Time
   • • I saw him yesterday.
     • He will arrive soon
     • Do it now
3. Adverb of Place
   • • I saw him there.
     • They are playing outside.
4. Interrogative Adverb
   • • Where is my book?
     • When will you come to my house?
5. Adverb of Frequency: Appropriate adverb for expressing the frequency of actions and events.
   • • (a)  Always, (b) frequently (c) often normally, scarcely, barely etc
6. Adverbs that are intensifier are: very, too, so.
7. Adverbial Phrases

1. 1. • He is a little taller than I.
      • She visits me every Sunday.
      • He went there on Saturday.

Common adverbs that express negation include nothing, nowhere, hardly, rarely, seldom, never, etc.

 

Evaluation:  Point out adverbs and adverbial phrases in the following passage:

I was tired yesterday. My sleep was so deep that I did not wake up until 7.am. Then I quickly got out of bed so that people would not know when I woke up.

Reading Assignment: Read chapter 7 of English Grammar.

 

Reference: English Grammar for Junior Secondary School by P.O. Olatunbosun

 

 

We have come to the end of this class. We do hope you enjoyed the class?

Should you have any further question, feel free to ask in the comment section below and trust us to respond as soon as possible.

In our next class, we will take another look at how to write a Descriptive Essay. We are very much eager to meet you there.

 

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